UTS Voice
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Introduction:
The name Arunachal Pradesh means “Land of the Rising Sun”. It has been mentioned in such ancient literature as the Kahka Purana, Ramayana, and Mahabharata. Arunachal Pradesh is in extreme northeastern part of the country. It is bordered by the kingdom of Bhutan to the west, the Tibet Autonomous Region to the north, Myanmar to the southeast, the State of Nagaland to the south, and the State of Assam also to the south and southwest. It is a sparsely populated mountainous area. The total area is 83,743 sq km. It stretches from snow-capped mountains in the north to the plains of Brahmaputra valley in the south. Arunachal Pradesh, area-wise, is the largest state of the NE region of India. It forms a complex hill system of Shivalik and Himalayan origin and is criss-crossed by numerous rivers and streams. The state shares a total of 1630 kms of international boundary with neighboring countries; 1030 kms with China, 160 kms with Bhutan and 440 kms with Myammar. The McMohan line defines the international boundary between India and China. Administratively, the State is divided into fifteen districts. Capital of the State is Itanagar in Papum Pare district. Itanagar is named after Ita Fort meaning fort of bricks, built in 14th century AD.
History:
The northern boundary, about 885 km, in dispute between India and China, is known as the McMahon Line because Sir Henry McMahon was secretary in the Indian foreign department and represented Great Britain at the conference held in Simla (Shimla) (1913-14) to settle frontier and other matters relating to Tibet. The line was regarded by the British as the natural, ethnic, and administrative boundary. Representatives of
Britain, China, and Tibet agreed that the frontier between Tibet and northeastern India should follow the crest of the high Himalaya. Two days later the Chinese republican government disavowed its plenipotentiary (diplomatic representative) and refused to sign a convention. Prior to that, the British-Indian government had made agreements with the indigenous tribes and set up the Balipara frontier tract in the west, the Sadiya frontier tract in the east, Abor and Mishmi hills and Tirap frontier tract of Assam State, together constituting the North East Frontier Agency (1912-13) and including undoubted Assamese territory.
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